Antara Tuduhan Kolonialisme vs Argumentasi Vicious Circle of Poverty

Oleh: Paulus Kogoya (Bloger – Pegiat Media Sosial)

Film Pesta Babi

Munculnya Film Pesta Babi: Kolonialisme di Zaman Kita adalah film dokumenter garapan sutradara Dandhy Dwi Laksono (Watchdoc) bersama Cypri Paju Dale telah memicu gelombang diskusi publik. Film ini memicu perbincangan hangat, baik karena isu krusial yang diangkat maupun rentetan peristiwa penolakan serta pembubaran yang terjadi saat acara nonton bareng (nobar).

Secara garis besar, dokumenter pada film ini menyoroti dampak dari Proyek Strategis Nasional (PSN) di wilayah Papua Selatan, khususnya terkait megaproyek perkebunan tebu, kelapa sawit, dan cetak sawah (food estate). Beberapa isu sentralnya yang diangkat seperti Pangan Lokal versus Industri Skala Besar, Deforestasi dan Ancaman Ekosistem, Kolonialisme Gaya Baru, hingga bahasan Militerisme dan Tekanan terhadap Warga.

Persoalan lain juga muncul pasca dirilisnya film berdurasi 96 menit itu. Gerakan akar rumput di berbagai kota di Indonesia—mulai dari kalangan mahasiswa, aktivis, hingga masyarakat umum—untuk menggelar diskusi dan nonton bareng secara mandiri harus menghadapi banyak hambatan seperti pembubaran dan intimidasi, larangan yang kemudian melahirkan gerakan solidaritas digital—sebuah alternatif dan diskusi daring semakin marak digelar sebagai bentuk solidaritas melawan sensor.

Tak hanya itu, kegaduhan akan Film Pesta Babi ini masih berlanjut ke dalam isu film yang semakin pelik, yakni adanya konflik interpersonal dan hukum setelah penayangannya.

Seorang tokoh perempuan adat yang muncul dalam dokumenter tersebut, Yasinta Moiwend (Mama Sinta), merasa keberatan namanya dan rekaman videonya dicantumkan dalam narasi film tersebut tanpa informed consent (persetujuan yang transparan). Didampingi penasihat hukum, ia menuntut pihak pembuat film dan melaporkannya ke pihak kepolisian (Polda Metro Jaya) atas dugaan eksploitasi dan pelanggaran hak data pribadi.

Pembubaran Nonton Bareng Film Pesta Babi di Ternate

Pembelahan Opini Publik

Meskipun film ini dikemas sebagai bentuk kritik sosial dan lingkungan sebagaimana tergambar dalam dokumenter itu, terdapat sudut pandang alternatif yang esensial untuk melisankan sisi lain dari narasi tersebut, sebagai berikut.

1). Kompleksitas Pembangunan dan Kedaulatan Nasional

Kritik yang dialamatkan kepada pemerintah dalam film tersebut cenderung menyederhanakan realitas di lapangan menjadi narasi “hitam-putih”. Dalam hal ini, upaya pemerintah mengembangkan Proyek Strategis Nasional (PSN) di Papua Selatan—seperti komoditas tebu, sawit, maupun ketahanan pangan—bukanlah bentuk “ekosida” atau kolonialisme baru.

Dalam konteks kebijakan publik, pilihan pemerintah merupakan langkah makro untuk memutus vicious circle of poverty (lingkaran setan kemiskinan). Pembangunan infrastruktur dan industri hilir diperlukan untuk menciptakan nilai tambah ekonomi, membuka lapangan kerja massal, dan meningkatkan aksesibilitas wilayah yang selama ini terisolasi.

Argumentasi ini patut dipertimbangkan di tengah situasi geopolitik global yang tidak menentu. Ketahanan pangan (food estate) dan kemandirian energi menjadi agenda krusial bagi keselamatan seluruh bangsa, termasuk masyarakat Papua sendiri. Dan Pemerintah berkewajiban memanfaatkan ruang wilayah secara terintegrasi demi kepentingan strategis nasional, tanpa mengabaikan skema ganti rugi dan pelibatan masyarakat lokal yang terus dievaluasi.

Pulau Papua dengan segala kompleksitas permasalahannya memerlukan pendekatan multidimensi. Sehingga menggambarkan aparat keamanan dan pemerintah selalu hadir dengan “niat buruk” merupakan penyimpulan sepihak yang mengabaikan kontribusi pembangunan sarana kesehatan, pendidikan, dan jalan trans-Papua yang nyata-nyata telah mempermudah mobilisasi warga asli Papua.

2). Niat Baik Tanpa Harus Mengabaikan Hal Privasi dan Penolakan Ekploitasi

Sikap tegas Yasinta Moiwend (Mama Sinta) yang melaporkan pihak pembuat film ke Polda Metro Jaya atas dugaan pelanggaran data pribadi dan eksploitasi harus dihormati sebagai bentuk pembelaan harga diri seorang perempuan adat.

Mama Sinta menyatakan bahwa dirinya tidak pernah dimintai izin secara sah perihal pemanfaatan rekaman wajah dan kisahnya untuk tujuan publikasi film berskala luas. Hak seorang individu—terutama masyarakat adat—untuk menentukan apakah wajah dan identitasnya boleh dipajang dalam sebuah produk sinematik yang bermuatan politis adalah hak mutlak yang dilindungi oleh Undang-Undang Pelindungan Data Pribadi (UU PDP).

Ini berarti, sebelum proses pembuatan film, Dandhy Dwi Laksono bersama Cypri Paju Dale perlu memperjelas prinsip persetujuan para pihak yang dilibatkan dalam pembuatan film (Informed Consent).

Statement “Apa saya ini boneka? Saya bukan ukiran Asmat” yang keluar dari mulut Mama Sinta, merupakan protes mendalam terhadap cara kerja pembuat film dokumenter yang kerap memosisikan masyarakat adat sekadar sebagai objek penderita demi menyusun pembenaran atas agenda narasi tertentu. Sikapnya ke Jakarta adalah langkah mandiri—bukan karena intimidasi atau disetir oleh aparat—demi menuntut transparansi dan akuntabilitas etis dari para aktivis dan sineas.

Dan hal penting lainnya dari polemik sikap Mama Sikap itu juga terkait menjaga harmoni dan keamanan keluarga. Sebab, menampilkan wajah seseorang dalam isu konflik lahan yang sensitif tanpa persetujuan dapat menaruh individu tersebut dan keluarganya dalam risiko sosial maupun keamanan di daerahnya. Oleh karena itu, protes Mama Sinta adalah tindakan defensif yang sangat rasional untuk melindungi integritas diri dan komunitasnya dari dampak polarisasi akibat film tersebut.

Yasinta Moiwend (Mama Sinta) didampingi Kuasa Hukum

Kesimpulan

Polemik Film Pesta Babi ini sebenarnya membuka mata publik akan dua sudut pandang yang dibangun dalam argumentasi yang berbenturan —lebih tepatnya belum dikomunikasikan dengan baik.

Disatu sisi kritik atas kebijakan pembangunan, kecemasan, ketakutan hingga kemarahan publik yang dilabeli kata kolonialisme itu merupakan pilihan bebas di tengah negara demokrasi —kita bebas berekspresi dan berpendapat, dengan tidak mengabaikan etika kepatuhan hukum.

Sementara itu pada saat yang bersamaan, publik juga diingatkan, bahwa pembangunan daerah tertinggal memerlukan keterlibatan investasi dan kebijakan strategis pemerintah yang tidak instan serta.

Jalan tengah yang tepat adalah duduk bersama dan membangun komunikasi yang pancasilais, sebagaimana mencerminkan kekhasan keindonesiaan kita. Semoga masalah ini segera diselesaikan dan kita terus bergerak maju.

Transformasi Papua: Dari Isolasi Menuju Koneksi

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Pulau Papua, sang “Cendrawasih” di ufuk timur Indonesia, kini bukan lagi sekadar narasi tentang kekayaan alam yang melimpah. Di balik pegunungan Jayawijaya yang megah, sedang tertulis lembaran baru mengenai sebuah kisah sukses: perpaduan antara demokrasi yang inklusif dan pembangunan yang menyentuh akar rumput.

1. Demokrasi dari “Honai” ke Bilik Suara

Salah satu pencapaian terbesar di Papua adalah kedewasaan berpolitik yang tumbuh dalam bingkai Otonomi Khusus (Otsus). Masyarakat Papua berhasil mengintegrasikan nilai-nilai adat ke dalam sistem demokrasi modern.

a.) Representasi Orang Asli Papua (OAP): Melalui keberadaan Majelis Rakyat Papua (MRP), suara tokoh adat, agama, dan perempuan memiliki tempat dalam pengambilan kebijakan strategis.

b.) Pemekaran Wilayah: Pembentukan provinsi-provinsi baru (DOB) bukan sekadar urusan administratif, melainkan upaya mendekatkan pelayanan publik kepada masyarakat di pedalaman yang selama ini sulit dijangkau.

2. Konektivitas: Memutus Urat Nadi Isolasi

Dulu, harga barang pokok di pegunungan tengah bisa berkali-kali lipat dibanding di pesisir. Namun, pembangunan Jalan Trans Papua sepanjang lebih dari 3.000 km telah mengubah peta ekonomi wilayah ini.

Pembangunan di Papua bukan lagi tentang membangun jalan di atas tanah, tapi membangun jembatan antarhati dan masa depan. Efek dari konektivitas ini sangat terasa:

a.) Penurunan Biaya Logistik: Melalui program Tol Udara dan perbaikan akses darat, disparitas harga mulai terkikis.

b.) Akses Kesehatan dan Pendidikan: Tenaga medis dan guru kini lebih mudah mencapai kampung-kampung terpencil.

3. Transformasi Sumber Daya Manusia

Kesuksesan sejati diukur dari kualitas manusianya. Melalui beasiswa Otsus, ribuan putra-putri Papua kini menempuh pendidikan di universitas terbaik, baik di dalam maupun luar negeri. Mereka pulang membawa keahlian di bidang teknologi, kedokteran, hingga penerbangan untuk membangun tanah kelahiran mereka sendiri.

4. Pusat Olahraga dan Kebanggaan Nasional

Suksesnya penyelenggaraan PON XX beberapa tahun silam menjadi bukti nyata bahwa Papua mampu menyelenggarakan acara berskala nasional dengan fasilitas kelas dunia. Stadion Lukas Enembe kini berdiri sebagai simbol bahwa Papua siap bersaing di kancah global.

5. Pertumbuhan Ekonomi di Papua

Pertumbuhan ekonomi di Papua sering kali melampaui rata-rata nasional, terutama didorong oleh sektor pertambangan dan konstruksi infrastruktur.

IndikatorCapaian / TrenKeterangan
Pertumbuhan Ekonomi7% – 10% (Variatif per tahun)Sering berada di atas rata-rata nasional berkat hilirisasi industri dan pembangunan fisik.
Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (IPM)Peningkatan konsistenMeski masih tantangan, IPM di Papua terus merangkak naik dari kategori “Rendah” ke “Sedang”.
Angka KemiskinanTren MenurunPenurunan signifikan terlihat di wilayah perkotaan seperti Jayapura dan Sorong.
Gini Ratio0.390 – 0.400Menunjukkan upaya pemerataan distribusi pendapatan yang mulai membaik.
Ilustrasi

a.) Detail Program Pendidikan: “Papua Cerdas”

Pendidikan adalah mesin utama perubahan di Papua. Fokus pemerintah tidak hanya pada gedung sekolah, tapi pada kualitas talenta.

  • Beasiswa Siswa Unggul Papua (SUP): Program ini membiayai ribuan mahasiswa asli Papua untuk belajar di universitas top dunia (seperti di AS, Inggris, dan Australia) dengan fokus pada bidang STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics).
  • Pendidikan Berbasis Kontekstual: Pengembangan kurikulum yang mengintegrasikan kearifian lokal (bahasa daerah dan sejarah suku) agar siswa tidak kehilangan identitas budayanya.
  • Pusat Pelatihan Vokasi: Pembangunan Papua Youth Creative Hub (PYCH) di Jayapura sebagai wadah bagi anak muda Papua untuk belajar coding, desain grafis, hingga manajemen bisnis rintisan (startup)

b.) Dampak Ekonomi Jalan Trans Papua

Salah satu data yang paling mencolok adalah penurunan harga komoditas pokok di wilayah pegunungan.

Contoh Riil: Sebelum akses darat terbuka sepenuhnya, harga semen di pegunungan tengah bisa mencapai Rp500.000 – Rp1.000.000 per sak. Kini, dengan jalur darat dan program Tol Udara, harga tersebut dapat ditekan hingga Rp150.000 – Rp250.000.


Kesimpulan

Kisah sukses Papua adalah bukti bahwa ketika demokrasi memberi ruang bagi kearifan lokal dan pembangunan dilakukan dengan hati, kemajuan bukanlah hal yang mustahil. Perjalanan memang masih panjang, namun fondasi kokoh telah diletakkan. Papua tidak lagi sedang tertinggal; Papua sedang melesat.

Penting juga dicatat bahwa pembangunan di Papua kini mulai mengadopsi prinsip Ekonomi Hijau. Sebagai paru-paru dunia, pembangunan infrastruktur mulai meminimalisir fragmentasi hutan untuk menjaga biodiversitas unik Papua.

The Mimika Customary Council Demands a Full Evaluation of Special Autonomy

Dialogue and Seminar to Commemorate the 24th Anniversary of Special Autonomy by the Mimika Regency Traditional Council

The Mimika Regional Customary Council (DAD) held an Open Dialogue and One-Day Seminar to commemorate the 24th anniversary of Special Autonomy (Otsus) in Papua, which falls on November 21st.

The event brought together representatives from the Regional Government, the Regional People’s Representative Council (DPRK), the Amungme tribal chief, the Kamoro tribal chief, the Sempan tribal chief, women’s leaders, youth leaders, religious leaders, and community leaders.

Various community elements evaluated the implementation of Special Autonomy in Papua. Furthermore, various ideas and views were shared during the event, which will serve as input for the implementation of Special Autonomy in 2026.

“For the past 24 years, Special Autonomy has failed. No Amungme or Kamoro tribe has used Special Autonomy funds for Master’s or Doctoral studies abroad. Our regional budget is substantial, and PTFI’s assistance is different. These Special Autonomy funds aren’t just about money; they involve policies, which is why we’re evaluating them,” said the Chairman of the Mimika Regional Customary Council, Vinsent Oniyoma, on Friday, November 21, 2025.

He assessed that Special Autonomy has failed to improve the welfare of the Papuan people as mandated by the Special Autonomy Law. The distribution of Special Autonomy funds has not provided a sense of justice for the Mimika community.

Three main points emerged from the discussion: First, the Customary Council requested that the government and indigenous communities conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the management of Special Autonomy funds in 2024. Second, the government must develop a new strategy for managing Special Autonomy funds in 2026. And third, the government and indigenous communities must form a monitoring team for the implementation of Special Autonomy funds.

“If these three points are unsuccessful, it would be better for the Special Autonomy funds to return to Jakarta. Papuans will make a statement to the president and other officials, saying we reject Special Autonomy if these three formulas are not established,” said Vinsent.

The discussion also highlighted internal issues within the Papuan community. They believed that the Special Autonomy policy, which emerged from the Papuan people’s struggle, was not fully understood by Indigenous Papuans (OAP), both in terms of policy and program objectives.

The results of the seminar and public dialogue discussions will be summarized and presented at a joint Public Hearing (RDP) with the Mimika Regency People’s Representative Council (DPRK), with the Regent, the Regional Apparatus Organizations (OPDs) overseeing Special Autonomy, and the Regional Leadership Communication Forum (Forkopimda), scheduled for November 24, 2025.

The Mimika Regional Customary Council hopes that the discussions and RDP with various government agencies will yield a new formula for the future implementation of Special Autonomy in Mimika.

Papua: Indonesia’s Shining Gem of the East

At the eastern tip of the Indonesian archipelago, the provinces of Papua and West Papua stand majestically as concrete evidence of the success of the vision of an equitable Indonesia. The Land of Birds of Paradise, a familiar nickname for this land, is no longer a symbol of challenge, but rather an inspiration for progress.

From the era of President Joko Widodo until the smooth transition to President Prabowo Subianto in 2024, the central government has made Papua a top priority through the Special Autonomy Law Volume II (Law No. 2 of 2021), which extends special autonomy funds until 2041. The results are astonishing: Papua’s economic growth in the second quarter of 2025 reached 7.8 percent (year-on-year), the second highest nationally after Sulawesi. The Gini index, the inequality ratio, fell from 0.41 to 0.36 in five years, indicating an increasingly equitable distribution of prosperity.

This article will explore the five pillars of Papua’s success: renewable energy, world-class tourism, women’s empowerment, digitalization, and high-performance sports—all under the strong umbrella of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia (NKRI).

Green Energy: Papua Pioneers the National Energy Transition

Papua is now a living laboratory for Indonesia’s green energy transition. The Cirata Floating Solar Power Plant (PLTS Terampilan) on Lake Sentani, which began full operation in March 2025, generates 145 MW of clean electricity for 120,000 households in Jayapura and the surrounding areas. This project is the largest in Southeast Asia and is 100 percent operated by trained local workers, including 60 percent indigenous Papuans (OAP).

In Wamena, a community-based microgrid microhydro power plant (PLTMH) has been powering 42 villages since 2023, replacing expensive and polluting diesel generators. The Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (ESDM) noted that Papua’s electrification ratio jumped from 68 percent (2019) to 94.7 percent (2025), with 70 percent of the energy coming from renewable sources.

The “Bright Papua” program not only reduced household electricity costs by 35 percent but also opened up agricultural processing industries. For example, an Arabica coffee drying plant in the Bintang Mountains now operates 24/7, increasing the selling price of coffee beans from Rp 80,000 to Rp 250,000 per kilogram.

Papua’s green energy is the face of Indonesia’s sustainable future—both environmentally friendly and affordable.

World-Class Tourism: Raja Ampat and the New Bali

Raja Ampat is no longer a secret—it’s the world’s number one marine tourism destination according to CNN Travel 2025. In the first half of 2025, international tourist visits to West Papua reached 1.2 million people, a 180 percent increase compared to 2019.

The government, through the Raja Ampat Tourism Authority (BOPRA), implemented a community-based tourism model where 80 percent of the income from homestays and dive operators is managed directly by the indigenous community. The result? Per capita income in Misool increased from IDR 2.8 million to IDR 9.5 million per month.

On land, Lorentz National Park—a UNESCO World Heritage site—now has sustainable trekking trails with internationally certified local guides. The “Papua Cultural Journey” program integrates Dani traditional tourism in the Baliem Valley with culinary specialties like papeda and grilled fish with Korowai spices. The new airports in Biak and Sorong, due for expansion in 2024, will be able to accommodate the A380 and open direct routes from Singapore, Seoul, and Sydney. Papuan tourism is more than just a foreign exchange earner—it is an ambassador for Indonesian culture to the world.

Misool Island, Raja Ampat’s spectacular world class Dive Destination

Women’s Empowerment: Papuan Women as Economic Drivers

Papuan women are now the backbone of the family and village economy. The “Mama Papua Mandiri” program, launched by the Ministry of Women’s Empowerment and Child Protection in 2022, has trained 85,000 women in entrepreneurship, food processing, and noken (traditional handicrafts).

In Jayapura, the modern Mama-Mama Market, equipped with QRIS and cold storage, is now a distribution center for organic vegetables to five-star hotels and national supermarkets. The market’s daily turnover reaches IDR 450 million, 90 percent of which is managed by indigenous Papuan women. The Sago Women’s Cooperative in Merauke has successfully exported IDR 12 billion worth of organic sago flour to Japan by 2025, with halal and fair trade certification.

The “Kartini Papua” program provides master’s degree scholarships to 250 outstanding women, including Dr. Yustina Douw, who is now the director of the first regional general hospital in the Papua Highlands. Papua’s gender empowerment index (IDG) rose from 61.2 to 78.4 in four years—clear evidence that gender equality is a driving force for development.

Digitalization: Papua 5.0 in the Far East

The digital revolution has reached remote areas of Papua. The Satria-1 satellite, which has been in orbit since 2023, provides free 150 Mbps internet at 8,500 public service points, including community health centers and traditional schools.

In Timika, local startup “Papua Tech” developed the “E-Noken” app—a handicraft marketplace that connects directly with buyers in Europe. By 2025, the app recorded IDR 85 billion in transactions and involved 12,000 artisans.

The “Papua Digital Village” program in Jayawijaya Regency trained 3,500 young people to create YouTube content about Lani culture, generating 1.2 million subscribers and IDR 8 billion in annual AdSense revenue.

The local government, in collaboration with Tokopedia and Shopee, opened the Papua Digital Hub in Sorong—a startup incubator that has spawned 45 digital MSMEs with a total valuation of IDR 250 billion. Digitalization is no longer a privilege of big cities; In Papua, it is a golden bridge to economic independence.

Sports Achievement: Papua Home to National Athletes

The 21st National Sports Week (PON XXI) in Papua and West Papua marked a turning point for national sports. Lukas Enembe Stadium is now the national athlete training center for rowing, archery, and athletics. Papuan athletes such as Maria Londa (long jump) and Boaz Solossa (soccer) have become new idols for the younger generation. The “Papua Athletic Academy” program, funded by the state budget and private sponsors, has sent 28 athletes to the 2025 SEA Games, winning 12 gold medals.

At the grassroots level, “Otsus Sport Centers” in each district provide free facilities for talented children. The result? An 8 percent drop in stunting rates thanks to an integrated nutrition program for young athletes. Sports in Papua are more than just achievements—they are an investment in health and national pride.

Epilogue: Papua, the Beating Heart of Indonesia

By November 2025, Papua will no longer be a national problem, but a national solution. With a special autonomy fund of IDR 38.2 trillion in 2025, 70 percent of which will be managed directly by the new provincial government, accountability and efficiency are increasingly assured.

The expansion of the province into South Papua, Central Papua, Highland Papua, and Southwest Papua has accelerated public services down to the district level. Papua’s Happiness Index has risen to 12th place nationally—proof that holistic development has succeeded in bringing smiles to the faces of market women, boarding school children, and digital youth.

Papua is a beautiful mosaic of 1,000 ethnic groups, 270 local languages, and one flag: the Red and White. Here, Bhinneka Tunggal Ika (Unity in Diversity) is not a slogan—it is the breath of daily life. When Dani children in the Baliem Valley learn to code while playing the tifa (traditional Indonesian musical instrument), when mothers in Raja Ampat send packages of noken (traditional Indonesian traditional instruments) to Paris via e-commerce, when Papuan athletes raise the Indonesian flag on international podiums—that is the face of modern Papua, rooted in its culture.

Papua rose not because it was given, but because it was empowered. Papua progressed not alone, but together with Indonesia. In 2045, when Indonesia Emas (Golden Indonesia) is realized, Papua will stand at the forefront—as a center for green energy, global tourism, and digital talent. Because here, at the eastern tip of the archipelago, Indonesia’s heartbeat beats the fastest: Merdeka!

(This article is compiled based on data from BPS, the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, the Ministry of Tourism and Creative Economy, the Ministry of Communication and Information, and official government reports as of November 2025)

Papua: The Land of the Birds of Paradise That Rises Together with Indonesia

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Papua, a land rich in natural beauty, cultural diversity, and abundant natural resource potential, has long been a symbol of the Indonesian people’s struggle for equality and justice. As the easternmost province in the archipelago, Papua is not just a part of the Indonesian map but also the heart of the nation’s vision for equality.

Over the past decade, particularly from 2015 to 2025, development in Papua has shown impressively rapid progress. Under the leadership of President Joko Widodo, and now under President Prabowo Subianto, the central government has demonstrated concrete commitment through various affirmative action policies. Presidential Instruction Number 9 of 2020 concerning the Acceleration of Welfare Development in the Provinces of Papua and West Papua serves as a legal umbrella that integrates a culture-based, inclusive, and sustainable approach.

The result? Papua’s Human Development Index (HDI) has risen by 5.6 percent in 10 years, moving from a low level to becoming more competitive nationally. The poverty rate has also decreased from 27.6 percent in 2014 to 21 percent in 2023, opening the door to prosperity for millions of indigenous Papuans (OAP).

This article will explore how Papua has emerged as a successful example of national integration, with a focus on infrastructure, education, health, the economy, and cultural preservation—all under the protective umbrella of the Red and White flag.

Infrastructure: A Bridge to Prosperity

One of the key pillars of Papua’s successful development has been massive investment in infrastructure. Before 2015, accessibility in mountainous and remote areas was often a nightmare, with muddy dirt roads hampering the transportation of goods and people. Now, the 4,330-kilometer Trans-Papua Highway connects isolated areas like the Bintang Mountains and Mamberamo, cutting travel times by up to 50 percent.

The Muri-Kwatisore segment, for example, was completed ahead of schedule in 2024, streamlining the flow of goods and supporting the local economy. The government, through the Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing (PUPR), allocated IDR 6.12 trillion in 2021 alone for roads, bridges, and water resources, with improvements expected to continue until 2025.

Furthermore, air and sea infrastructure is also developing rapidly. Airports such as those in Jayapura and Sorong are now more modern, supporting regular flights connecting Papua with the national economic hub. The Integrated Cross-Border Post (PLBN) Program in Skouw and Sota strengthens the border, while opening up trade opportunities with Papua New Guinea.

In the telecommunications sector, the East Palapa Ring provides 4G internet access in remote villages like Sawyatami, Keerom, enabling Papuan MSMEs to sell online and young people to access e-learning. As a result, this connectivity not only facilitates aid distribution but also attracts trillions of rupiah in private investment. By 2023, more than 52 percent of national investment will flow outside Java, with Papua as the primary destination.

This infrastructure is more than just concrete and asphalt; it is a symbol of Indonesian unity, with Papua now closely connected to its neighbors across Sabang and Merauke.

Education: Igniting the Torch of the Golden Generation

Education is key to developing superior Papuan human resources. Through the Papuan Development Acceleration Master Plan (RIPPP), launched in 2022, the government focuses on three variables: health, education, and productivity. The 12-Year Compulsory Education Program, launched in 2015, has encouraged school participation up to high school level, with scholarships for high-achieving and underprivileged students. Literacy rates and average years of schooling have increased significantly, contributing to the Human Development Index (HDI), which is now approaching the national average.

The construction of integrated boarding schools, in collaboration with the Indonesian American Society of Academics (IASA), allows children from remote areas like Merauke to access quality education without abandoning local cultural values.

In 2025, construction of an integrated education area in Salor, Merauke, will begin as a modern transmigration capital, targeting increased access for women and children. Minister of Education Nadiem Makarim emphasized that this infrastructure will prepare the next generation of Papuans to compete globally, while preserving local wisdom such as the Cendrawasih dance and traditional languages.

Positive results are evident in the 15 percent drop in the school dropout rate over the past five years. Education in Papua is no longer a dream, but a proud reality, with Papuan children studying under the same banner as those in Jakarta or Bali—for a brighter future for Indonesia.

Health: Longer Life Expectancy

Despite geographical challenges, Papua’s healthcare has transformed into a national model. The Mobile Health Service (PKB) program, which has been sending medical teams to remote villages since 2017, has dramatically reduced maternal and infant mortality rates.

Life expectancy in Papua is now higher, supported by increased access to safe drinking water to 67.74 percent and sanitation to 53.85 percent in 2018, with plans to continue to improve through 2025. Innovations such as the West Papua Healthcare Worker program and drone drug distribution are revolutionizing services in mountainous areas.

The National Health Insurance (JKN) program, implemented by the Indonesian Health Insurance Agency (BPJS Kesehatan), will cover 80 percent of the population of Southwest Papua by 2024, ensuring free care for those in need. Regional hospitals and mobile clinics now reach indigenous communities, integrating traditional and modern medicine. The decline in poverty in Highland Papua to 29.66 percent by September 2024 is clear evidence of its impact.

Healthcare is no longer a luxury; it is a basic right guaranteed by the unitary state of the Republic of Indonesia, bringing Papua closer to its vision of a healthy and independent society.

Economy: From Natural Resources to Local Self-Reliance

Papua’s economy is booming thanks to sustainable natural resource management. In 2024, West Papua Province’s GDP grew by 20.8 percent, the highest in the Maluku-Papua region, driven by nickel, gold, and fisheries exports. The food estate program in Merauke cleared 2,721 hectares for rice cultivation in 2024-2025, supporting national food security while creating jobs for thousands of indigenous Papuans.

The development of leading commodities such as sago, coffee, cocoa, and red fruit through entrepreneurship training has empowered MSMEs. The marine tourism and environmentally friendly mining sectors are attracting foreign investment, with exports reaching IDR 76.17 trillion in 2024. The Public Works and Housing (PUPR) Cash-Intensive Labor Program (PKT) employed 27,967 workers in 2021, distributing income directly to the community.

Papua’s economy now contributes 12.36 percent to regional GDP, demonstrating that integration with Indonesia opens up a golden opportunity, not just for extraction, but for sustainable self-reliance.

Mount Jaya Wijaya located in Central Papua Province and Mountainous Papua Province, Indonesia

Cultural Preservation: Harmony of Tradition and Modernity

Papua’s development is incomplete without respect for cultural heritage. The customary territory-based approach in the RIPPP ensures the active involvement of indigenous Papuans, from planning to execution. The expansion into six new provinces since 2022 has accelerated services, learning from the success of West Papua, whose Human Development Index (HDI) surged post-1999.

Multi-stakeholder dialogue with traditional leaders prevents conflict, while programs like the 2020 National Games (PON XX/2020) in Papua strengthen nationalism. Papuan culture—from noken (traditional clothing) to war dances—is now a national asset, promoted through festivals and sustainable tourism. This is proof that Indonesia values ​​diversity as a strength, not a barrier.

Towards a Golden Papua 2045

In November 2025, Papua stood tall as a testament to Indonesia’s commitment to equality. With a special autonomy fund of Rp 117 trillion over 10 years, coupled with central-regional synergy, challenges such as geography and isolation began to fade. Amnesty for 44,000 prisoners in 2024, including Papuan activists loyal to the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia (NKRI), demonstrated a peaceful approach. Moving forward, with the 2025-2029 National Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMN), Papua will become the center of eastern growth, contributing to a Golden Indonesia 2045.

Papua is not a peripheral region; it is an older sibling rising together. Together with Indonesia, Papua dances under the blue sky of Cenderawasih, promising a bright future. Let us celebrate this progress as our shared heritage—Bhineka Tunggal Ika, forever.

(This article is based on data from BPS, relevant ministries, and official reports from the Indonesian government 2024-2025)

IPACS 2025: Cultural Diplomacy in Kupang

East Nusa Tenggara Governor’s Office

Delegates and diplomats from seventeen Pacific nations will gather for a historic moment in Kupang, the capital of East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) Province, from November 11 to 13, 2025. This event will transform into the cultural heart of the Pacific by hosting Indonesia-Pacific Cultural Synergy (IPACS) 2025—a festival designed not simply to celebrate heritage but to serve as a diplomatic platform where culture serves as a bridge for sovereignty, unity, and cooperation.

Organized by the Indonesian Ministry of Culture, IPACS 2025 is expected to attract delegates from 17 Pacific nations, including Vanuatu, the Cook Islands, French Polynesia, the Federated States of Micronesia, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Tonga, New Caledonia, Niue, Fiji, Kiribati, the Marshall Islands, Nauru, Palau, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, and Timor-Leste.

For the people of Kupang, this is more than just a regional festival—it is their moment to introduce the world to the rich Melanesian spirit of Indonesia’s eastern provinces and affirm that Indonesian identity reaches far into the Pacific Ocean.

Kupang City, Indonesia’s Eastern Gateway

For many Indonesians, East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) is often imagined as a province with rugged islands, ancient traditions, and colorful dances. However, for the Pacific region, NTT holds an even deeper meaning. NTT is one of the regions in Indonesia where Melanesian heritage thrives alongside Austronesian influences—bridging Indonesia’s Southeast Asian heartland with the cultural continuum of the South Pacific.

Ethnographic studies have long noted that the people of Timor, Alor, and Flores share linguistic and genetic ties with the Melanesian peoples of Papua, Vanuatu, and Fiji. This connection is evident in their physical features, oral histories, and traditional arts—remnants of ancient migration routes that crossed the Pacific tens of thousands of years ago. For centuries, these islands have stood as a natural crossroads for Austronesian and Melanesian civilizations.

“This is a golden moment for Indonesian cultural diplomacy. NTT is not a periphery—it is the front porch of Indonesia’s Pacific identity,” said NTT Governor Emanuel Melkiades Laka Lena.

By choosing Kupang as the host city, the Indonesian government is consciously making a symbolic gesture: placing the Pacific at the center of Indonesia’s national narrative. Kupang thus becomes more than a host city; it becomes a living metaphor for Indonesia’s ambition to engage with its Pacific neighbors through culture, kinship, and shared heritage.

Indonesia is Part of the Pacific Family

“There is a philosophy of Pacific society that the ocean does not separate us, the ocean connects us. I know each country has their own limitations and also each has advantages. Therefore we have to collaborate and cooperate together. Because as wise men said: If you want to go fast, go alone; but if you want to go far, go together. Tonight is not just a dinner, this is the entrance of collaboration, a moment where hearts meet in this room,” said Kupang Mayor Christian Widodo in Kupang City.

According to Christian, the Pacific nations are not simply attending an event in Kupang City, but rather a declaration that Indonesia is part of the Pacific family.

The Indonesia-Pacific Cultural Synergy (IPACS) will take place in two main phases. The first phase is a Cultural Residency Program from November 3 to 10, where dozens of artists, musicians, and cultural practitioners from across the Pacific will live and collaborate with local communities in East Nusa Tenggara (NTT). They will learn traditional bamboo crafts in Sikka, study Sasando zither music from Rote Island, and perform the iconic Likurai dance from Belu. This creative exchange is expected to produce joint works that combine Pacific and Indonesian expressions—a true manifestation of cultural synergy.

The second phase is the Main Festival and Summit, which will be held from November 11 to 13 in Kupang. This event will feature ministerial-level dialogues, Pacific cultural exhibitions, public performances, and an academic forum on sustainable cultural cooperation. Representatives from 17 countries have been invited, and according to the National News, ten countries have confirmed their attendance, with at least five sending their culture ministers.

Diplomacy Through Culture

In an era of geopolitical competition reshaping the Indo-Pacific region, cultural diplomacy offers a softer yet equally powerful form of engagement. IPACS 2025 is Indonesia’s response to the need for a people-centered diplomatic approach, particularly in the Pacific, where emotional, spiritual, and cultural ties often take precedence over political rhetoric.

For Indonesia, this event serves multiple strategic purposes. First, it affirms Indonesia’s Pacific identity—reminding the region that the country is not just Southeast Asia but also part of the broader Pacific community. Second, it allows Indonesia to strengthen ties with Melanesian countries, many of which have historical or political interests in the Papuan issue. By emphasizing shared culture and kinship, Indonesia can help change perceptions and narratives about its eastern provinces.

Third, IPACS reinforces the concept of sovereignty through culture. Rather than responding to separatist discourse through political confrontation, Indonesia builds legitimacy through positive engagement. By inviting Vanuatu—often seen as a vocal critic of Indonesia’s policies in Papua—to participate in a festival celebrating Melanesian identity, Jakarta sends a subtle yet profound message: that Indonesia is part of the same family, not an outsider.

The Melanesian Bridge: Reclaiming a Shared Heritage

To understand why this event is so powerful, we must first understand the meaning of Melanesian identity. This term, often associated with Papua, Vanuatu, and the Solomon Islands, refers to a cultural group that shares common ancestry, skin color, and a social structure rooted in communal living and respect for nature.

In Indonesia, this heritage extends far beyond Papua. The people of East Nusa Tenggara (NTT), Maluku, and North Maluku share many Melanesian characteristics, both culturally and genetically. Traditional dances such as Foti from Flores, Caci from Manggarai, or Tebe from Timor all reflect a collective memory of rhythm, spirituality, and unity.

By recognizing this shared heritage, Indonesia challenges the notion that Melanesian identity is limited to Papua. It redefines Melanesia as a continuum that encompasses the Indonesian archipelago—showing that Indonesia’s diversity is not a divide, but rather a bridge to the Pacific world.

From Kupang to the World: Building a Cultural Corridor

Hosting IPACS also represents an opportunity. The festival is expected to stimulate economic growth, tourism, and the creative industry in East Nusa Tenggara (NTT). Local artists, performers, and small businesses are preparing to welcome thousands of visitors, while the provincial government has committed to improving road infrastructure, the airport, and hotel facilities.

“We want Kupang to be known internationally as a city of culture, not just a city by the sea,” said NTT Governor Melki Laka Lena.

He also emphasized that IPACS should leave a legacy beyond just a ceremonial week. “Through IPACS, we can connect our people with the Pacific—artistically, economically, and spiritually.”

Indeed, the festival’s impact is expected to extend far beyond tourism. The festival is a cultural corridor—a long-term initiative that could lead to arts exchanges, educational collaborations, and cultural diplomacy programs between Indonesia and Pacific nations. If successful, IPACS could become an annual event held in rotation among the eastern Indonesian provinces, transforming the region into a hub for cultural diplomacy in the Pacific Rim.

Navigating Challenges and Hopes

However, the path forward is not without challenges. Kupang, while dynamic, remains a developing city with limited infrastructure. Ensuring accommodation, connectivity, and logistics for 17 international delegates will test the province’s readiness. Furthermore, there is a delicate balance to be struck between authentic representation and performance diplomacy.

Cultural events often risk turning heritage into spectacle; Indonesia must ensure that communities remain the true owners and beneficiaries of their traditions. As local cultural activist Maria Liunora noted, “Our dances are sacred stories, not commodities. We want to share them, but we also want them respected.”

There are also questions of sustainability. Will the enthusiasm surrounding IPACS translate into year-round opportunities for local artists? Will cultural diplomacy lead to real policy cooperation among Pacific nations? These are the long-term steps that will determine the festival’s true success.

The Future of Indonesia and the Pacific

As Kupang harbor prepares to welcome delegates from across the Pacific, the symbolism is powerful. Indonesia, once seen as a distant Asian power, is returning to its oceanic roots—anchored not by politics or power, but by culture and kinship.

In the rhythmic drumbeats and harmonies of the Sasando, we can hear the echoes of a deeper truth: that nations can build understanding not through domination, but through shared identity. IPACS 2025 is more than just a festival—it is a declaration of Indonesia’s tender kinship, an embrace that stretches from the shores of Timor to the Pacific islands.

“From Kupang, we convey to the world that Indonesia is a Pacific nation, a Melanesian nation, a cultured nation. Through our diversity, we unite. Through our culture, we lead,” said East Nusa Tenggara Governor Melki Laka Lena.

And perhaps, when the festival lights dim and the delegates return home, the echoes of Kupang’s music will continue to reverberate across the Pacific—reminding the region that the seas between us are not barriers, but bridges.

Conclusion

IPACS 2025 in Kupang is more than just a cultural festival; it is a strategic declaration of Indonesia’s Pacific identity. By hosting 17 Pacific nations in East Nusa Tenggara—a province deeply rooted in Melanesian heritage—Indonesia is using culture as a form of soft diplomacy to strengthen regional relations, foster understanding, and reassert its sovereign narrative on the world stage.

Kupang’s role as the “Gateway to the East” symbolizes how Indonesia’s diversity is its greatest diplomatic strength. Through art, music, and shared cultural exchange, Indonesia is bridging historical gaps, redefining its relationships with its Pacific neighbors, and projecting unity across the Melanesian world.

Ultimately, IPACS 2025 demonstrates that culture can achieve what politics often cannot: it can connect nations through empathy, kinship, and shared identity. From the shores of Kupang, Indonesia is not only celebrating its heritage—it is also shaping the future of diplomacy in the Pacific.

Transforming West Papua: A Model of Sustainable Development

Illustration

Sorong, November 2, 2025 – At the eastern tip of the Indonesian archipelago, West Papua Province is carving out a proud success story. It’s no longer a shadow of past conflict, but a true story of inclusive development, empowerment of the nation’s people, and full integration with Indonesia. With the spirit of “Torang Bisa”, West Papua is now a vibrant laboratory for national development, proving that Special Autonomy (Otsus) and central government support can transform the region into a new center of growth for Indonesia.

Sorong: Oil City Becomes City of the Future

Once known as an Oil City, Sorong is now transforming into a world-class industrial and tourism city. The Port of Sorong is now the largest logistics terminal in Papua, serving direct routes to Surabaya and Makassar, and even exports to the Philippines and Papua New Guinea. By 2025, the export value of leading commodities such as robusta coffee, cocoa, and seaweed is expected to reach IDR 2.1 trillion—a 68% increase from the previous year.

The West Papua Provincial Government, in collaboration with the Ministry of Industry, inaugurated the 500-hectare Sorong Industrial Estate (KIS). This area attracts investment from national and foreign companies, including an integrated fish processing plant and an organic coffee packaging center. More than 7,500 local workers are employed, 85% of whom are Indigenous Papuans (OAP) trained through competency-based vocational programs.

Raja Ampat Tourism: From Hidden Paradise to Global Icon

Raja Ampat is no longer a secret. By 2025, tourist arrivals are expected to reach 1.2 million people, a 40% increase from the previous year. Direct flights from Jakarta, Denpasar, and Singapore land at the expanded Domine Eduard Osok Airport. Regional revenue from tourism levies reaches IDR 450 billion, 70% of which is reallocated to coral reef conservation and indigenous community empowerment.

The Marine Tourism Village program in Kabui and Arborek Villages has become a national model. Local residents manage homestays, provide diving guides, and create handicrafts from recycled marine plastic waste. The result? Per capita income for tourist households has increased 300% in three years. “We’re not spectators, we’re destination owners,” said Yance Mayor, a local traditional leader.

Education: Papuan Children Ready to Compete Globally

West Papua proves that access to quality education is not a pipe dream. The University of Papua (UNIPA) in Manokwari now has an A-accredited marine engineering and medical faculty. More than 3,000 indigenous Papuan students receive full scholarships from the Special Autonomy Program (Otsus) and the LPDP (Lembaga Penida Indonesia/LPDP) program. By 2025, UNIPA will graduate 200 fisheries engineers—the highest number in eastern Indonesia.

At the elementary level, the Integrated Customary School (Sekolah Adat Terpadu) program combines the national curriculum with local wisdom. Children learn regional languages, traditional dances, as well as coding and robotics. The result? The dropout rate has dropped from 12% to 3.8% in five years. “We want Papuan children to become doctors, pilots, and entrepreneurs—not just bystanders to development,” stated the Acting Governor of West Papua.

Health and Well-Being: Better, Longer Lives

Regional referral hospitals in Sorong and Manokwari are now equipped with CT scans, cath labs, and telemedicine. The Mobile Specialist Doctor program brings heart and cancer services to remote villages. Life expectancy has risen to 71.2 years, approaching the national average.

The Nusantara Healthy Village initiative in Bintuni Bay has successfully reduced stunting from 32% to 19% in three years. Each village has a smart integrated health post (Posyandu) with an Android-based nutrition monitoring application. Indigenous women are trained as health cadres, demonstrating that health development is a people’s movement.

Green Energy: West Papua a Pioneer in the Energy Transition

Amid the global climate crisis, West Papua has become a laboratory for renewable energy. The Floating Solar Power Plant (PLTS) on Lake Ayamaru (25 MW capacity) and the Micro Hydro Power Plant (MHP) in the Arfak Mountains provide clean electricity to 120,000 households. The Electricity to Villages (Electricity in Villages) program has achieved 98.7% electrification—the highest in Papua.

Collaboration with PLN (State Electricity Company) and private investors has resulted in the Papua Green Energy Corridor, a green transmission line connecting Sorong to Fakfak. “We are not just energy consumers, we are future producers,” said the Director of PLN’s Papua Region.

One Land, One Nation

Behind the grandiose figures and projects, there are human stories. Like Markus Wogaje, a young man from the Moi tribe who is now the manager of a coffee SME in Maybrat. Or Maria Fatem, the first woman from Raja Ampat to become a Garuda Indonesia pilot. They are proof that development in West Papua is about dignity, opportunity, and pride in being Indonesian.

On the 26th anniversary of West Papua Province, the President of the Republic of Indonesia delivered the message: “West Papua is the face of Indonesia’s future—advanced, green, and just.” And the people of West Papua responded with one voice: “We are ready. We can do it!”

West Papua is not a remote province. It is the heart of eastern Indonesia’s development, living proof that with commitment, collaboration, and love for the homeland, every corner of the country can shine.

West Papua’s Path to Prosperity: Achievements and Future Goals

Illustration (Doc: Biro Umum Setda Papua Tengah)

Manokwari, November 2, 2025 – As an integral part of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia (NKRI), West Papua Province continues to demonstrate rapid progress in development under the auspices of the Indonesian government. Through the Special Autonomy (Otsus) policy and national programs, this region of Papua has undergone significant transformation, from the economic sector to basic infrastructure. On the 26th anniversary of West Papua Province, Governor Dominggus Mandacan emphasized that these development achievements serve as a strong foundation towards the vision of Golden Indonesia 2045. This article explores the positive aspects of pro-people and pro-national integration development.

A Rapidly Growing Economy Boosts Public Welfare

West Papua’s economy is one of the most prominent in the country. In 2024, economic growth reached 20.80 percent, a dramatic jump from 5.18 percent the previous year—the highest national achievement. This positive trend continued in the first semester of 2025, with growth reaching 11.11 percent, driven by the fisheries, agriculture, and creative industries sectors. Bank Indonesia (BI) and the West Papua Provincial Government, through the Papedanomics 2025 forum, are promoting a labor-intensive economic transformation, utilizing natural resources such as capture fisheries and abundant fish farming in the waters of Bintuni Bay.

Furthermore, the 2025 West Papua Local Trade Fair successfully promoted MSMEs, with a focus on local products such as coffee and handicrafts. The 2025 Revised Regional Budget (APBD) allocation of Rp3.77 trillion is focused on the people’s economy, including increasing Regional Original Income (PAD) and the national food self-sufficiency program. The government’s collaboration with local farmers has made West Papua a key pillar of Indonesia’s food security, with a target of increasing rice and horticultural production by 15 percent this year. This progress has not only reduced poverty but also strengthened the Papuan people’s sense of ownership in the nation’s progress.

Modern Infrastructure: Connectivity for Shared Progress

Infrastructure development is a key driver of West Papua’s integration into the national economic map. The President of the Republic of Indonesia recently inaugurated six strategic electricity infrastructure projects, including the 2 x 10 MW Orya Genyem Hydroelectric Power Plant (PLTA) and Mini Hydroelectric Power Plants (PLTMH) in various districts. These projects ensure a stable electricity supply to 99 percent of households, supporting industry and education in remote areas.

In the transportation sector, Siboru Airport in Fakfak was inaugurated as a symbol of commitment to reducing regional disparities. The West Papua Provincial Government has allocated IDR 3.67 trillion for Water Resources (SDA), roads, and bridges, with priority on village infrastructure such as village road access, involving 856 Indigenous Papuan (OAP) entrepreneurs. The 2025-2034 Regional Infrastructure Development Plan (RPIW) targets three main areas: land-sea-air connectivity, development of special economic zones, and disaster mitigation. Acceleration in the four new provinces of Papua, including Southwest Papua, is also a priority for the Minister of Public Works and Public Housing, ensuring equitable and inclusive development. The result? Travel time between districts has been reduced by up to 50 percent, opening up investment opportunities and increasing citizen mobility.

Education and Health: Investments in Superior Human Resources

Education is a key pillar of human development in West Papua. The 2025-2029 Regional Medium-Term Development Planning Conference (Musrenbang) emphasizes regional innovation-based education, with eight strategic programs, such as technology-integrated vocational schools and special autonomy scholarships for Papuan children. The 2025 Regional Budget (APBD) allocated billions of rupiah for school construction and teacher training, resulting in a measurable increase in the Human Development Index (HDI). The province’s 25th anniversary theme, “Healthy, Smart, and Productive West Papua,” reflected this achievement, with the literacy rate rising to 95 percent in urban areas.

The health sector is no less advanced. The BP3OKP (3 Million Houses Development Program Management Agency) program in Southwest Papua ensures access to decent housing and basic healthcare facilities. A commitment to low-carbon development with Konservasi Indonesia strengthens sustainable healthcare services, including vaccinations and integrated integrated health posts (Posyandu). Positive results are evident in the reduction of stunting rates to below 25 percent, thanks to pro-people collaboration between the central and regional governments.

Sustainable Commitment and Local Empowerment

Development in West Papua is not just about numbers, but also about sustainability. The 2025 Regional Development Plan (RKPD) targets improving the quality of life through the revitalization of food regions and new economic growth centers, while preserving forests and ecosystems. The provincial government has fully engaged the indigenous Papuan people, from planning to execution, ensuring that the benefits of Special Autonomy (Otsus) are directly felt by indigenous peoples. This is clear evidence that West Papua is an integral part of a developed, just, and prosperous Indonesia. With this achievement, West Papua is no longer a backward region, but rather a pioneer in the development of eastern Indonesia. Towards 2045, the joint commitment of the central, regional, and people governments will realize a grand dream: a prosperous Papua in the bosom of Mother Earth. Let’s support this positive step for a stronger Indonesia!